Investigation of role of vascular endothelial growth factor, Annexin A5 and Apelin by immunohistochemistry method in placenta of preeclampsia patients

Nese Colcimen; Gülay Bulut; Ozlem Ergul Erkec; Murat Cetin Ragbetli

doi:10.14715/cmb/2017.63.11.8

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Vol. 63 No. 11: Issue 11

Issue Published : November 30, 2017

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Investigation of role of vascular endothelial growth factor, Annexin A5 and Apelin by immunohistochemistry method in placenta of preeclampsia patients

https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2017.63.11.8

Nese Colcimen

Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil Unıversity, Van, Turkey

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7695-3049

Gülay Bulut

Van Yuzuncu Yıl Unıversity

Ozlem Ergul Erkec

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil Unıversity, Van, Turkey

Murat Cetin Ragbetli

Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil Unıversity, Van, Turkey

Corresponding Author(s) : Nese Colcimen

colcimennese@hotmail.com

Cellular and Molecular Biology, Vol. 63 No. 11: Issue 11
Article Published : November 30, 2017

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a disease characterized by hypertension and proteinuria occurred after 20 weeks of gestation. Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The pathophysiological mechanism of preeclampsia is not known exactly yet. Preeclampsia endothelial cell dysfunction, associated with inadequate trophoblastic invasion is characterized by abnormal placentation. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) according to is an angiogenic cytokine, Annexin A5 is among endogenous peptides are both expressed from placental trophoblasts and Apelin is a multifunctional peptide and expressed by placental trophoblasts and endothelial cells. It was aimed to investigate roles of these parameters occurring in preeclampsia and to compare immunoreactivity of them in normal and preeclamptic placenta. In this study, placentas were collected from 20 normotensive pregnant women as controls, 16 mild-preeclamptic pregnant women, and 16 severe preeclamptic women. VEGF, Annexin A5 and Apelin were examined in samples of placenta tissues by streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex immunohistochemical methods. Immunoreactivity scores (IRS) were obtained for each parameter. VEGF and Apelin IRS were increased significantly in preeclamptic groups compared with control group (p <0.026, p<0.002 respectively). But Annexin A5 IRS was decreased significantly in preeclamptic groups compared with control group (p<0.04). In correlation with the intensity of disease, increase in VEGF and Apelin, and decrease in Annexin A5 supports roles of hemo-dynamic alterations in fetoplacental circulation and structural alterations in uteroplacental bed occurring in preeclampsia.

Keywords

Annexin A5 Apelin Immunohistochemistry Placenta VEGF.

Colcimen, N., Bulut, G., Ergul Erkec, O., & Ragbetli, M. C. (2017). Investigation of role of vascular endothelial growth factor, Annexin A5 and Apelin by immunohistochemistry method in placenta of preeclampsia patients. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 63(11), 42–45. https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/2017.63.11.8

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References

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnanyc. Hypertension in pregnancy. Report of the American College of Obstetricians in and Gynecologists' Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122: 1122-31.
Saha T, Halder M, Das A and Das SK. Role of nitric oxide, angiogenic growth factors and biochemical analysis in preeclampsia. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2013; 50: 462-66.
Gourvas V, Soulitzis N, Konstantinidou A, Dalpha E, Koukoura Q, Koutroulakis D, et al. Reduced ANXA5 mRNA and protein expression in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. Thromb Res 2014; 133: 495-500.
Kurtoğlu E, Altunkaynak BZ, Aydın I, Ozdemir AZ, Altun G, Kokcu A, et al. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor expression on placenta structure in preeclamptic pregnancy. J. Obstet. Gynaecol Res 2015; 41: 1533-41.
Galazios G, Papazoglou D, Tsikouras P & Kolios G. Rewiew. Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymophisms and pregnancy. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Med 2009; 22: 371-78.
Van Mieghem T, Van Bree R, Van Herck E, Pijnenborg R, Deprest J, Verhaeghe J. Maternal Apelin Physiology during Rat pregnancy: The Role of the Placenta. Placenta 2010; 31: 725-30.
Wang G, Kundu R, Han S, Qć° X, Englander EW, Quertermous T, Greely JR GH. Ontogeny of Apelin And Its Receptor In The Rodent Gastrointestinal Tract. Regul Pept. 2009; 158: 32-9.
Sifakis S, Soufla G, Koukoura O, Soulitzis N, Koutroulakis D, Maiz N, et al. Decreased Annexin A5 mRNA placental expression in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction. Thrombosis Research 2010; 125: 326-31.
Mutlu C, Koyutürk M, Karpuz V. Evaluation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) immunreactivty of fetal and maternal placentaa. Cerrahpaşa J Med 2005; 36: 109-15.
Saeed I, Iqbal I, Sarfaraz R, Qamar K, Butt SA, Shaukat S. Histomorphological changes in placentae of preeclamptic mothers with reference to vasculosyncytial membrane thickness and syncytial knot formation. J of Rawalpindi Med College (JRMC) 2012; 16: 51-4.
Pijnenborg R, Vercruysse L, Hanssens M. The uterine spiral arteries in human pregnancy: facts and controversies. Placenta 2006; 27: 939-58.
Dubova EA, Pavlov KA, Lyapin VM, Shchyogolev AI and Sukhikh GT. Vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in the placental villi of pregnant patients with pre-eclampsia. Bull Exp Biol Med 2013; 154: 792-95.
Akercan F, Cirpan T, Terek MC, Ozcakir HT, Giray G, Sagol S, et al.. The immunohistochemical evaluation of VEGF in placenta biopsies of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2008; 277: 109-14.
Sezer SD, Kucuk M, Doger FK, Yuksel H, Odabası AR, Turkmen MK, et al. VEGF, PIGF and HIF-1Î± in placentals of early-and late-onset pre-eclamptic patients. Gynecol Endocrinol 2013; 29: 797-800.
Ferrara N, Keyt B. Vascular endothelial growth factor: Basic biology and clinical implications (EXS, 79) (the series Experientia Supplementum ) 1997; 209-232.
Simmons LA, Hennessy A, Gillin AG, Jeremy RW. Uteroplacental blood flow and placental vascular endothelial growth factor in normotensive and pre-eclamptic pregnancy. BJOG 2000; 107: 678-85.
Trollmann R, Amann K, Schoof E, Beinder E, Wenzel D, Rascher W, et al. Hypoxia activates the human placental vascular endothelial growth factor system in vitro and in vivo: Up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor in clinically relevant hypoxic ischemia in birth asphyxia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 188: 517-23.
Van Mieghem T, Van Bree R, Van Herck E, Deprest J, Verhaeghe J. Insulin-like growth factor-II regulates maternal hemodynamic adaptation to pregnancy in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 297: 1615-21.
Cobellis L, De Falco M, Mastrogiacomo A, Giraldi D, Dattilo D, Scaffa C, et al. Modulation of apelin and APJ receptor in normal and preeclampsia-complicated placentas. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22: 1-8.
Rand JH. Review. The annexinopathies: a new category of diseases. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.(BBA)-Molecular Cell Research 2000; 1498: 169-173.
Ornaghi S, Vergani S, Urban G, Giardini V, Moltrasio F, Leone BE. Immunohistochemical expression of Annexin A5 in preeclamptic placentas. Placenta 2011; 32: 264-68.
Shu F, Sugimura M, Kanayama N, Kobayashi H, Kobayashi T, Terao T. Immunohistochemical study of Annexin V Expression in Placentae of Preeclampsia. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2000; 49: 17-23.

References

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnanyc. Hypertension in pregnancy. Report of the American College of Obstetricians in and Gynecologists' Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2013; 122: 1122-31.

Saha T, Halder M, Das A and Das SK. Role of nitric oxide, angiogenic growth factors and biochemical analysis in preeclampsia. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2013; 50: 462-66.

Gourvas V, Soulitzis N, Konstantinidou A, Dalpha E, Koukoura Q, Koutroulakis D, et al. Reduced ANXA5 mRNA and protein expression in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. Thromb Res 2014; 133: 495-500.

Kurtoğlu E, Altunkaynak BZ, Aydın I, Ozdemir AZ, Altun G, Kokcu A, et al. Role of vascular endothelial growth factor and placental growth factor expression on placenta structure in preeclamptic pregnancy. J. Obstet. Gynaecol Res 2015; 41: 1533-41.

Galazios G, Papazoglou D, Tsikouras P & Kolios G. Rewiew. Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymophisms and pregnancy. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Med 2009; 22: 371-78.

Van Mieghem T, Van Bree R, Van Herck E, Pijnenborg R, Deprest J, Verhaeghe J. Maternal Apelin Physiology during Rat pregnancy: The Role of the Placenta. Placenta 2010; 31: 725-30.

Wang G, Kundu R, Han S, Qć° X, Englander EW, Quertermous T, Greely JR GH. Ontogeny of Apelin And Its Receptor In The Rodent Gastrointestinal Tract. Regul Pept. 2009; 158: 32-9.

Sifakis S, Soufla G, Koukoura O, Soulitzis N, Koutroulakis D, Maiz N, et al. Decreased Annexin A5 mRNA placental expression in pregnancies complicated by fetal growth restriction. Thrombosis Research 2010; 125: 326-31.

Mutlu C, Koyutürk M, Karpuz V. Evaluation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) immunreactivty of fetal and maternal placentaa. Cerrahpaşa J Med 2005; 36: 109-15.

Saeed I, Iqbal I, Sarfaraz R, Qamar K, Butt SA, Shaukat S. Histomorphological changes in placentae of preeclamptic mothers with reference to vasculosyncytial membrane thickness and syncytial knot formation. J of Rawalpindi Med College (JRMC) 2012; 16: 51-4.

Pijnenborg R, Vercruysse L, Hanssens M. The uterine spiral arteries in human pregnancy: facts and controversies. Placenta 2006; 27: 939-58.

Dubova EA, Pavlov KA, Lyapin VM, Shchyogolev AI and Sukhikh GT. Vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors in the placental villi of pregnant patients with pre-eclampsia. Bull Exp Biol Med 2013; 154: 792-95.

Akercan F, Cirpan T, Terek MC, Ozcakir HT, Giray G, Sagol S, et al.. The immunohistochemical evaluation of VEGF in placenta biopsies of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2008; 277: 109-14.

Sezer SD, Kucuk M, Doger FK, Yuksel H, Odabası AR, Turkmen MK, et al. VEGF, PIGF and HIF-1Î± in placentals of early-and late-onset pre-eclamptic patients. Gynecol Endocrinol 2013; 29: 797-800.

Ferrara N, Keyt B. Vascular endothelial growth factor: Basic biology and clinical implications (EXS, 79) (the series Experientia Supplementum ) 1997; 209-232.

Simmons LA, Hennessy A, Gillin AG, Jeremy RW. Uteroplacental blood flow and placental vascular endothelial growth factor in normotensive and pre-eclamptic pregnancy. BJOG 2000; 107: 678-85.

Trollmann R, Amann K, Schoof E, Beinder E, Wenzel D, Rascher W, et al. Hypoxia activates the human placental vascular endothelial growth factor system in vitro and in vivo: Up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor in clinically relevant hypoxic ischemia in birth asphyxia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 188: 517-23.

Van Mieghem T, Van Bree R, Van Herck E, Deprest J, Verhaeghe J. Insulin-like growth factor-II regulates maternal hemodynamic adaptation to pregnancy in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 297: 1615-21.

Cobellis L, De Falco M, Mastrogiacomo A, Giraldi D, Dattilo D, Scaffa C, et al. Modulation of apelin and APJ receptor in normal and preeclampsia-complicated placentas. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22: 1-8.

Rand JH. Review. The annexinopathies: a new category of diseases. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.(BBA)-Molecular Cell Research 2000; 1498: 169-173.

Ornaghi S, Vergani S, Urban G, Giardini V, Moltrasio F, Leone BE. Immunohistochemical expression of Annexin A5 in preeclamptic placentas. Placenta 2011; 32: 264-68.

Shu F, Sugimura M, Kanayama N, Kobayashi H, Kobayashi T, Terao T. Immunohistochemical study of Annexin V Expression in Placentae of Preeclampsia. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2000; 49: 17-23.