Issue
Comparison of diagnostic efficacy of MRI and PET/CT in lung cancer of mouse with spinal metastasis
Corresponding Author(s) : Xiyang Wang
Cellular and Molecular Biology,
Vol. 66 No. 3: Issue 3
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of MRI and PET/CT in lung cancer of mouse with spinal metastasis. 40 healthy Balb/c nude mice were selected. 0.1 ml of human lung cancer cell A549 bacterial suspension was injected by the left ventricle injection method to establish a lung cancer spinal metastasis model, and the abnormal signs of the nude mice were closely observed. When the body weight was reduced by 20%, micro PET/CT imaging and small coil MRI imaging were applied after intraperitoneal injection of thiopental anesthesia in nude mice. After the imaging was completed, the nude mouse was dissected and the spinal tumor was removed. The nature of spinal metastases was diagnosed by the pathology department. 5 nude mice died of abdominal infection, 2 nude mice had no spinal tumors, and the remaining 33 nude mice were successfully modeled. 33 nude mice were confirmed by pathology to have 64 metastatic vertebral lesions, among them, there were 7 cervical vertebrae, 24 thoracic vertebrae, 16 lumbar vertebrae, 6 sacral vertebrae and 11 caudal vertebrae. The sensitivity of MRI in the diagnosis of spinal metastases was 78.13%, and specificity was 56.25%. The sensitivity of PET/CT for the diagnosis of spinal metastases was 92.19%, and specificity was 78.95%. The specificity and positive predictive value of PET/CT for the diagnosis of spinal metastases were not significantly different from those of MRI (P> 0.05). The sensitivity, accuracy and negative predictive values were significantly higher than those of MRI (P< 0.05). PET/CT is superior to MRI in the diagnosis of spinal metastases, and its sensitivity, accuracy and negative predictive values were significantly higher than those of MRI (P< 0.05). It is worthy to be further promoted in clinical practice.
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- Eguchi T, Bains S, Lee MC, Tan KS, Hristov B, Buitrago DH, Bains MS, Downey RJ, Huang J, Isbell JM, Park BJ, Rusch VW, Jones DR, Adusumilli PS, Impact of Increasing Age on Cause-Specific Mortality and Morbidity in Patients With Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: ACompeting Risks Analysis. J Clin Oncol 2016; 35: 281-290.
- Park JS, Bateni SB, Bold RJ, Kirane AR, Canter DJ, Canter RJ. The modified frailty index to predict morbidity and mortality for retroperitoneal sarcoma resections. J Surg Res 2017; 217: 191-197.
- Al Husaini H, Wheatley-Price P, Clemons M, Shepherd FA. Prevention and management of bone metastases in lung cancer: a review. J Thorac Oncol 2009; 4: 251-259.
- Zaritsky A. Challenges and Technological Trends Toward Improved Medical Imaging-based Predictive Data-mining. EBioMedicine 2018; 35: 20-21.
- Coleman R E. Metastatic bone disease: clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment strategies. Cancer Treat Rev 2001; 27: 165-176.
- Berenson J, Rajdev L, Broder M. Managing bone complications of solid tumors. Cancer Biol Ther 2006; 5: 1086-1089.
- Ortiz GJ, Lozano G. SNPing away at mutant p53 activities. Genes Dev 2018; 32: 195-196.
- Tsuya A, Kurata T, Tamura K, Fukuoka M. Skeletal metastases in non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study. Lung Cancer 2007; 57: 229-232.
- Beyer T, Townsend DW, Brun T, Kinahan PE, Charron M, Roddy R, Jerin J, Young J, Byars L, Nutt R. A combined PET/CT scanner for clinical oncology. J Nucl Med 2000; 41: 1369-1379.
- Czernin J, Allen-Auerbach M, Schelbert H R. Improvements in cancer staging with PET/CT: literature-based evidence as of September 2006. J Nucl Med 2007; 48: 78S-88S.
- Spick C, Herrmann K, Czernin J. 18F-FDG PET/CT and PET/MRI perform equally well in cancer: evidence from studies on more than 2,300 patients. J Nucl Med 2016; 57: 420-430.
- Costelloe CM, Rohren EM, Madewell JE, Hamaoka T, Theriault RL, Yu TK, Lewis VO, Ma J, Stafford RJ, Tari AM, Hortobagyi GN, Ueno NT. Imaging bone metastases in breast cancer: techniques and recommendations for diagnosis. ancet Oncol 2009; 10: 606-614.
- Bäuerle T, Semmler W. Imaging response to systemic therapy for bone metastases. Eur Radiol 2009; 19: 2495-2507.
- Rajarubendra N, Bolton D, Lawrentschuk N. Diagnosis of bone metastases in urological malignancies-an update. Urology 2010; 76: 782-790.
- Haley HR, Shen N, Qyli T, Buschhaus JM, Pirone M, Luker KE, Luker GD. Enhanced Bone Metastases in Skeletally Immature Mice. Tomography 2018; 4: 84-93.
- Close B, Banister K, Baumans V. Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals: Part 1. Laboratory Animal 1996; 30: 293-316.
- Ye SF, Li J, Ji SM, Zeng HH, Lu W. Dose-biomarker-response modeling of the anticancer effect of ethaselen in a human non-small cell lung cancer xenograft mouse model. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2017; 38(2): 223-232.
- Hubbard TF, Goldbaum LR. The mechanism of tolerance to thiopental in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1949; 97: 488-491.
- Newman, Ken B. State-Space Modeling of Animal Movement and Mortality with Application to Salmon. Biometrics 1998; 1: 1290-1314.
- Futakuchi M, Singh R K. Animal model for mammary tumor growth in the bone microenvironment. Breast Cancer 2013; 20: 195-203.
- Thudi NK, Martin CK, Nadella MV, Fernandez SA, Werbeck JL, Pinzone JJ, Rosol TJ. Zoledronic acid decreased osteolysis but not bone metastasis in a nude mouse model of canine prostate cancer with mixed bone lesions. Prostate 2010; 68: 1116-1125.
- Menezes ME, Das SK, Minn I, Emdad L, Wang XY, Sarkar D, Pomper MG, Fisher PB. Detecting Tumor Metastases: The Road to Therapy Starts Here. Adv Cancer Res 2016; 132: 1-44.
- Konert T, van de Kamer JB, Sonke JJ, Vogel WV. The developing role of FDG PET imaging for prognostication and radiotherapy target volume delineation in non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10: S2508-S2521.
- Toloza E M, Harpole L, McCrory DC. Noninvasive staging of non-small cell lung cancer*: a review of the current evidence. Chest 2003; 123: 137S-146S.
- Budak E, í‡ok G, Akgün A. The Contribution of Fluorine 18F-FDG PET/CT to Lung Cancer Diagnosis, Staging and Treatment Planning. Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2018; 27: 73-80.
- Nie Y, Luo F, Lin Q. Dietary nutrition and gut microflora: A promising target for treating diseases. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018;75: 72-80.
- Ren Y, Jiao X, Zhang L. Expression level of fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) in the peripheral blood of primary hypertension and its clinical significance. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25(3): 469-473.
- Guo T, Lin Q, Li X, Nie Y, Wang L, Shi L, Luo F. Octacosanol attenuates inflammation in both RAW264. 7 macrophages and a mouse model of colitis. J Agri Food Chem 2017; 65(18): 3647-3658.
- Li W, Jia MX, Wang JH, Lu JL, Deng J, Tang JX, Liu C. Association of MMP9-1562C/T and MMP13-77A/G polymorphisms with non-small cell lung cancer in southern Chinese population. Biomol 2019; 9(3): 107-119.
- Nie Y, Luo F, Wang L, Yang T, Shi L, Li X, Shen J, Xu W, Guo T, Lin Q. Anti-hyperlipidemic effect of rice bran polysaccharide and its potential mechanism in high-fat diet mice. Food Func 2017; 8(11): 4028-4041.
- Lou Y, Yang J, Wang L, Chen X, Xin X, Liu Y. The clinical efficacy study of treatment to Chiari malformation type I with syringomyelia under the minimally invasive surgery of resection of Submeningeal cerebellar Tonsillar Herniation and reconstruction of Cisterna magna. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26(8): 1927-1931.
- Lou Y, Guo D, Zhang H, Song L. Effectiveness of mesenchymal stems cells cultured by hanging drop vs. conventional culturing on the repair of hypoxic-ischemic-damaged mouse brains, measured by stemness gene expression. Open Life Sci 2016; 11(1): 519-523.
- Liang Y, Lin Q, Huang P, Wang Y, Li J, Zhang L, Cao J. Rice Bioactive Peptide Binding with TLR4 To Overcome H2O2-Induced Injury in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells through NF-κB Signaling. J Agri Food Chem 2018; 66(2): 440-448.
- Wang L, Lin Q, Yang T, Liang Y, Nie Y, Luo Y, Luo F. Oryzanol modifies high fat diet-induced obesity, liver gene expression profile, and inflammation response in mice. J Agri Food Chem 2017; 65(38): 8374-8385.
- Lou Y, Shi J, Guo D, Qureshi AK, Song L. Function of PD-L1 in antitumor immunity of glioma cells. Saudi J Boil Sci 2017; 24(4): 803-807.
- Chen X, Xu Y, Meng L, Chen X, Yuan L, Cai Q, Shi W, Huang G. Non-parametric partial least squares–discriminant analysis model based on sum of ranking difference algorithm for tea grade identification using electronic tongue data identify tea grade using e-tongue data. Sens Actuators B Chem 2020; 127924.
- Cerfolio RJ, Ojha B, Bryant AS, Raghuveer V, Mountz JM, Bartolucci AA.The accuracy of integrated PET-CT compared with dedicated PET alone for the staging of patients withnonsmall cell lung cancer.Ann Thorac Surg 2004; 78: 1017-1023.
- Mitsuhashi A, Okuma Y, Zenke Y, Hosomi Y. Prognostic effects of osteoclast inhibitors in extensive stage small cell lung cancer patients with bonemetastases. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 9: 561-565.
- Halpern BS, Schiepers C, Weber WA, Crawford TL, Fueger BJ, Phelps ME, Czernin J. Presurgical staging of nonsmall cell lung cancer: positron emission tomography, integrated positronemission tomography/CT, and software image fusion. Chest 2005; 128: 2289-2297.
- Nakamoto Y, Senda M, Okada T, Sakamoto S, Saga T, Higashi T, Togashi K. Software-based fusion of PET and CT images for suspected recurrent lung cancer. Mol Imaging Biol 2008; 10: 147-153.
- Yu HH, Tsai YY, Hoffe SE. Overview of diagnosis and management of metastatic disease to bone. Cancer Control 2012; 19: 84-91.
- Choi J, Raghavan M. Diagnostic imaging and image-guided therapy of skeletal metastases. Cancer Control 2012; 19: 102-112.
- Raad RA, Lala S, Allen JC, Babb J, Mitchell CW, Franceschi AM, Yohay K, Friedman KP. Comparison of hybrid 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography for evaluation of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. World J Nucl Med 2018; 17: 241-248.
- Khan S, Son H. Spinal Metastasis Characterized on FDG PET/CT in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Nucl Med 2017; 42: 860-861.
References
Eguchi T, Bains S, Lee MC, Tan KS, Hristov B, Buitrago DH, Bains MS, Downey RJ, Huang J, Isbell JM, Park BJ, Rusch VW, Jones DR, Adusumilli PS, Impact of Increasing Age on Cause-Specific Mortality and Morbidity in Patients With Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: ACompeting Risks Analysis. J Clin Oncol 2016; 35: 281-290.
Park JS, Bateni SB, Bold RJ, Kirane AR, Canter DJ, Canter RJ. The modified frailty index to predict morbidity and mortality for retroperitoneal sarcoma resections. J Surg Res 2017; 217: 191-197.
Al Husaini H, Wheatley-Price P, Clemons M, Shepherd FA. Prevention and management of bone metastases in lung cancer: a review. J Thorac Oncol 2009; 4: 251-259.
Zaritsky A. Challenges and Technological Trends Toward Improved Medical Imaging-based Predictive Data-mining. EBioMedicine 2018; 35: 20-21.
Coleman R E. Metastatic bone disease: clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment strategies. Cancer Treat Rev 2001; 27: 165-176.
Berenson J, Rajdev L, Broder M. Managing bone complications of solid tumors. Cancer Biol Ther 2006; 5: 1086-1089.
Ortiz GJ, Lozano G. SNPing away at mutant p53 activities. Genes Dev 2018; 32: 195-196.
Tsuya A, Kurata T, Tamura K, Fukuoka M. Skeletal metastases in non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study. Lung Cancer 2007; 57: 229-232.
Beyer T, Townsend DW, Brun T, Kinahan PE, Charron M, Roddy R, Jerin J, Young J, Byars L, Nutt R. A combined PET/CT scanner for clinical oncology. J Nucl Med 2000; 41: 1369-1379.
Czernin J, Allen-Auerbach M, Schelbert H R. Improvements in cancer staging with PET/CT: literature-based evidence as of September 2006. J Nucl Med 2007; 48: 78S-88S.
Spick C, Herrmann K, Czernin J. 18F-FDG PET/CT and PET/MRI perform equally well in cancer: evidence from studies on more than 2,300 patients. J Nucl Med 2016; 57: 420-430.
Costelloe CM, Rohren EM, Madewell JE, Hamaoka T, Theriault RL, Yu TK, Lewis VO, Ma J, Stafford RJ, Tari AM, Hortobagyi GN, Ueno NT. Imaging bone metastases in breast cancer: techniques and recommendations for diagnosis. ancet Oncol 2009; 10: 606-614.
Bäuerle T, Semmler W. Imaging response to systemic therapy for bone metastases. Eur Radiol 2009; 19: 2495-2507.
Rajarubendra N, Bolton D, Lawrentschuk N. Diagnosis of bone metastases in urological malignancies-an update. Urology 2010; 76: 782-790.
Haley HR, Shen N, Qyli T, Buschhaus JM, Pirone M, Luker KE, Luker GD. Enhanced Bone Metastases in Skeletally Immature Mice. Tomography 2018; 4: 84-93.
Close B, Banister K, Baumans V. Recommendations for euthanasia of experimental animals: Part 1. Laboratory Animal 1996; 30: 293-316.
Ye SF, Li J, Ji SM, Zeng HH, Lu W. Dose-biomarker-response modeling of the anticancer effect of ethaselen in a human non-small cell lung cancer xenograft mouse model. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2017; 38(2): 223-232.
Hubbard TF, Goldbaum LR. The mechanism of tolerance to thiopental in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1949; 97: 488-491.
Newman, Ken B. State-Space Modeling of Animal Movement and Mortality with Application to Salmon. Biometrics 1998; 1: 1290-1314.
Futakuchi M, Singh R K. Animal model for mammary tumor growth in the bone microenvironment. Breast Cancer 2013; 20: 195-203.
Thudi NK, Martin CK, Nadella MV, Fernandez SA, Werbeck JL, Pinzone JJ, Rosol TJ. Zoledronic acid decreased osteolysis but not bone metastasis in a nude mouse model of canine prostate cancer with mixed bone lesions. Prostate 2010; 68: 1116-1125.
Menezes ME, Das SK, Minn I, Emdad L, Wang XY, Sarkar D, Pomper MG, Fisher PB. Detecting Tumor Metastases: The Road to Therapy Starts Here. Adv Cancer Res 2016; 132: 1-44.
Konert T, van de Kamer JB, Sonke JJ, Vogel WV. The developing role of FDG PET imaging for prognostication and radiotherapy target volume delineation in non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10: S2508-S2521.
Toloza E M, Harpole L, McCrory DC. Noninvasive staging of non-small cell lung cancer*: a review of the current evidence. Chest 2003; 123: 137S-146S.
Budak E, í‡ok G, Akgün A. The Contribution of Fluorine 18F-FDG PET/CT to Lung Cancer Diagnosis, Staging and Treatment Planning. Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2018; 27: 73-80.
Nie Y, Luo F, Lin Q. Dietary nutrition and gut microflora: A promising target for treating diseases. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018;75: 72-80.
Ren Y, Jiao X, Zhang L. Expression level of fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5) in the peripheral blood of primary hypertension and its clinical significance. Saudi J Biol Sci 2018; 25(3): 469-473.
Guo T, Lin Q, Li X, Nie Y, Wang L, Shi L, Luo F. Octacosanol attenuates inflammation in both RAW264. 7 macrophages and a mouse model of colitis. J Agri Food Chem 2017; 65(18): 3647-3658.
Li W, Jia MX, Wang JH, Lu JL, Deng J, Tang JX, Liu C. Association of MMP9-1562C/T and MMP13-77A/G polymorphisms with non-small cell lung cancer in southern Chinese population. Biomol 2019; 9(3): 107-119.
Nie Y, Luo F, Wang L, Yang T, Shi L, Li X, Shen J, Xu W, Guo T, Lin Q. Anti-hyperlipidemic effect of rice bran polysaccharide and its potential mechanism in high-fat diet mice. Food Func 2017; 8(11): 4028-4041.
Lou Y, Yang J, Wang L, Chen X, Xin X, Liu Y. The clinical efficacy study of treatment to Chiari malformation type I with syringomyelia under the minimally invasive surgery of resection of Submeningeal cerebellar Tonsillar Herniation and reconstruction of Cisterna magna. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26(8): 1927-1931.
Lou Y, Guo D, Zhang H, Song L. Effectiveness of mesenchymal stems cells cultured by hanging drop vs. conventional culturing on the repair of hypoxic-ischemic-damaged mouse brains, measured by stemness gene expression. Open Life Sci 2016; 11(1): 519-523.
Liang Y, Lin Q, Huang P, Wang Y, Li J, Zhang L, Cao J. Rice Bioactive Peptide Binding with TLR4 To Overcome H2O2-Induced Injury in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells through NF-κB Signaling. J Agri Food Chem 2018; 66(2): 440-448.
Wang L, Lin Q, Yang T, Liang Y, Nie Y, Luo Y, Luo F. Oryzanol modifies high fat diet-induced obesity, liver gene expression profile, and inflammation response in mice. J Agri Food Chem 2017; 65(38): 8374-8385.
Lou Y, Shi J, Guo D, Qureshi AK, Song L. Function of PD-L1 in antitumor immunity of glioma cells. Saudi J Boil Sci 2017; 24(4): 803-807.
Chen X, Xu Y, Meng L, Chen X, Yuan L, Cai Q, Shi W, Huang G. Non-parametric partial least squares–discriminant analysis model based on sum of ranking difference algorithm for tea grade identification using electronic tongue data identify tea grade using e-tongue data. Sens Actuators B Chem 2020; 127924.
Cerfolio RJ, Ojha B, Bryant AS, Raghuveer V, Mountz JM, Bartolucci AA.The accuracy of integrated PET-CT compared with dedicated PET alone for the staging of patients withnonsmall cell lung cancer.Ann Thorac Surg 2004; 78: 1017-1023.
Mitsuhashi A, Okuma Y, Zenke Y, Hosomi Y. Prognostic effects of osteoclast inhibitors in extensive stage small cell lung cancer patients with bonemetastases. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 9: 561-565.
Halpern BS, Schiepers C, Weber WA, Crawford TL, Fueger BJ, Phelps ME, Czernin J. Presurgical staging of nonsmall cell lung cancer: positron emission tomography, integrated positronemission tomography/CT, and software image fusion. Chest 2005; 128: 2289-2297.
Nakamoto Y, Senda M, Okada T, Sakamoto S, Saga T, Higashi T, Togashi K. Software-based fusion of PET and CT images for suspected recurrent lung cancer. Mol Imaging Biol 2008; 10: 147-153.
Yu HH, Tsai YY, Hoffe SE. Overview of diagnosis and management of metastatic disease to bone. Cancer Control 2012; 19: 84-91.
Choi J, Raghavan M. Diagnostic imaging and image-guided therapy of skeletal metastases. Cancer Control 2012; 19: 102-112.
Raad RA, Lala S, Allen JC, Babb J, Mitchell CW, Franceschi AM, Yohay K, Friedman KP. Comparison of hybrid 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography for evaluation of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. World J Nucl Med 2018; 17: 241-248.
Khan S, Son H. Spinal Metastasis Characterized on FDG PET/CT in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Clin Nucl Med 2017; 42: 860-861.