Cytotoxicity study of benzo[a]pyrene on blood cells of Wistar rat in vitro

J. Zhang; Y. Liu; S-Z. Wei

doi:10.14715/cmb/ 2016.62.14.9

Issue

Vol. 62 No. 14: Issue 14

Issue Published : February 11, 2017

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Cytotoxicity study of benzo[a]pyrene on blood cells of Wistar rat in vitro

https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/%202016.62.14.9

J. Zhang

Department of medical instrumentation, Baoji Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital

Y. Liu

Department of blood transfusion, Baoji Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital

S-Z. Wei

Department of clinical medicine, Dalian Medical University

Corresponding Author(s) : J. Zhang

jie_zhang_dr@163.com

Cellular and Molecular Biology, Vol. 62 No. 14: Issue 14
Article Published : December 30, 2016

Abstract

The effect of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) on Wistar rat lymphocyte activity, lymphocyle membrane integrity and erythrocytes hemolysis were examined using the MTT assay, the release of the lactate dehydrogenase (LD) and the hemoglobin release respectively in vitro. The results showed that lymphocyte activity had no remarkable response to BaP after a low dose of exposure. But the membrane change was found after higher dose of BaP exposure, and the significant release of LD was observed. The release of LD increased with exposure time prolonging and exposure dose increasing. The results also showed that BaP didn't change the release of hemoglobin from erythrocytes. But the release of hemoglobin was affected significantly by synergistic effects of BaP and pentachlorophenol (PCP) and the release of hemoglobin increased with the dose of the mixture of BaP and PCP. Therefore, there is an obvious cytotoxicity of BaP in lower dose to blood cells of Wistar rat. The damage of lymphocyte membrane is more sensitive than lymphocyte activity and erythrocytes hemolysis to lower dose of BaP. It is suggested that the release of LD as a biomarker could be used to monitor and evaluate the contamination of BaP. The blood of Wistar rats were taken and checked after a fixed time interval (6 hours) of acute BaP exposure. The level of whole genomic DNA methylation was found to decrease significantly in the blood of rats.

Keywords

Benzo[a]pyrene cytotoxicity lymphocyte activity erythrocyte hemolysis Wistar rat.

Zhang, J., Liu, Y., & Wei, S.-Z. (2016). Cytotoxicity study of benzo[a]pyrene on blood cells of Wistar rat in vitro. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 62(14), 55–58. https://doi.org/10.14715/cmb/ 2016.62.14.9

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References

Harris, C. C., Vahakangas, K., Newman, M. J., Trivers, G. E., Shamsuddin, A., & Sinopoli, N., et al. (1985). Detection of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-dna adducts in peripheral blood lymphocytes and antibodies to the adducts in serum from coke oven workers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 19(19), 6672-6676.
Ross, J., Nelson, G., Erexson, G., Kligerman, A., Earley, K., & Gupta, R. C., et al. (1991). Dna adducts in rat lung, liver and peripheral blood lymphocytes produced by i.p. administration of benzo[a]pyrene metabolites and derivatives. Carcinogenesis, 12(10), 1953-5.
Grova, N., Salquèbre, G., Hardy, E. M., Schroeder, H., & Appenzeller, B. M. (2014). Tetrahydroxylated-benzo[a]pyrene isomer analysis after hydrolysis of dna-adducts isolated from rat and human white blood cells. Toxicology Letters, 229(3), 183-191.
Jones, M. D., Rodgers-Vieira, E. A., Hu, J., & Aitken, M. D. (2014). Association of growth substrates and bacterial genera with benzo[a]pyrene mineralization in contaminated soil. Environmental Engineering Science, 31(12), 689-697.
Turja, R., Guimarí£es, L., Nevala, A., Kankaanpää, H., Korpinen, S., & Lehtonen, K. K. (2014). Cumulative effects of exposure to cyanobacteria bloom extracts and benzo[a]pyrene on antioxidant defence biomarkers in gammarus oceanicus, (crustacea: amphipoda). Toxicon, 78(3), 68-77.
Beal, M. A., Gagné, R., Williams, A., Marchetti, F., & Yauk, C. L. (2015). Characterizing benzo[a]pyrene-induced lacz mutation spectrum in transgenic mice using next-generation sequencing. BMC Genomics, 16(1), 1-13.
Kranz, J., Hessel, S., Aretz, J., Seidel, A., Petzinger, E., & Geyer, J., et al. (2014). The role of the efflux carriers abcg2 and abcc2 for the hepatobiliary elimination of benzo[a]pyrene and its metabolites in mice. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 224(224), 36-41.
Lee, S. K., & Lee, B. M. (1997). Oxidation of erythrocyte protein and lipid, and hemolysis in rabbit red blood cells treated with benzo[a]pyrene or adriamycin. Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health, 51(6), 557-69.
Kiruthiga, P. V., Karutha, P. S., & Pandima, D. K. (2014). Silymarin prevents the toxicity induced by benzo(a)pyrene in human erythrocytes by preserving its membrane integrity: an in vitro study. Environmental Toxicology, 29(2), 165-75.
Vijayapadma, V., Ramyaa, P., Pavithra, D., & Krishnasamy, R. (2014). Protective effect of lutein against benzo(a)pyrene-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. Toxicology & Industrial Health, 30(3), 284-93.
Zhao, L., Zhang, S., An, X., Tan, W., Pang, D., & Ouyang, H. (2015). Toxicological effects of benzo[a]pyrene on dna methylation of whole genome in icr mice. Cellular & Molecular Biology, 61(5), 115-119.
Santacroce, M. P., Pastore, A. S., Tinelli, A., Colamonaco, M., & Crescenzo, G. (2015). Implications for chronic toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene in sea bream cultured hepatocytes: cytotoxicity, inflammation, and cancerogenesis. Environmental Toxicology, 30(9), 1045–1062.
Crowell, S. R., Hansondrury, S., Williams, D. E., & Corley, R. A. (2014). In vitro metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[def,p]chrysene in rodent and human hepatic microsomes. Toxicology Letters, 228(1), 48–55.
Bo, J., Gopalakrishnan, S., Chen, F. Y., & Wang, K. J. (2014). Benzo[a]pyrene modulates the biotransformation, dna damage and cortisol level of red sea bream challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 85(2), 463-70.
Tung, E. W., Philbrook, N. A., Belanger, C. L., Ansari, S., & Winn, L. M. (2014). Benzo[a]pyrene increases dna double strand break repair in vitro and in vivo: a possible mechanism for benzo[a]pyrene-induced toxicity. Mutation Research/fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 760(3), 64-69.
Collin, A., Hardonnière, K., Chevanne, M., Vuillemin, J., Podechard, N., & Burel, A., et al. (2014). Cooperative interaction of benzo[a]pyrene and ethanol on plasma membrane remodeling is responsible for enhanced oxidative stress and cell death in primary rat hepatocytes. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 72C, 11-22.

References

Harris, C. C., Vahakangas, K., Newman, M. J., Trivers, G. E., Shamsuddin, A., & Sinopoli, N., et al. (1985). Detection of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-dna adducts in peripheral blood lymphocytes and antibodies to the adducts in serum from coke oven workers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 19(19), 6672-6676.

Ross, J., Nelson, G., Erexson, G., Kligerman, A., Earley, K., & Gupta, R. C., et al. (1991). Dna adducts in rat lung, liver and peripheral blood lymphocytes produced by i.p. administration of benzo[a]pyrene metabolites and derivatives. Carcinogenesis, 12(10), 1953-5.

Grova, N., Salquèbre, G., Hardy, E. M., Schroeder, H., & Appenzeller, B. M. (2014). Tetrahydroxylated-benzo[a]pyrene isomer analysis after hydrolysis of dna-adducts isolated from rat and human white blood cells. Toxicology Letters, 229(3), 183-191.

Jones, M. D., Rodgers-Vieira, E. A., Hu, J., & Aitken, M. D. (2014). Association of growth substrates and bacterial genera with benzo[a]pyrene mineralization in contaminated soil. Environmental Engineering Science, 31(12), 689-697.

Turja, R., Guimarí£es, L., Nevala, A., Kankaanpää, H., Korpinen, S., & Lehtonen, K. K. (2014). Cumulative effects of exposure to cyanobacteria bloom extracts and benzo[a]pyrene on antioxidant defence biomarkers in gammarus oceanicus, (crustacea: amphipoda). Toxicon, 78(3), 68-77.

Beal, M. A., Gagné, R., Williams, A., Marchetti, F., & Yauk, C. L. (2015). Characterizing benzo[a]pyrene-induced lacz mutation spectrum in transgenic mice using next-generation sequencing. BMC Genomics, 16(1), 1-13.

Kranz, J., Hessel, S., Aretz, J., Seidel, A., Petzinger, E., & Geyer, J., et al. (2014). The role of the efflux carriers abcg2 and abcc2 for the hepatobiliary elimination of benzo[a]pyrene and its metabolites in mice. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 224(224), 36-41.

Lee, S. K., & Lee, B. M. (1997). Oxidation of erythrocyte protein and lipid, and hemolysis in rabbit red blood cells treated with benzo[a]pyrene or adriamycin. Journal of Toxicology & Environmental Health, 51(6), 557-69.

Kiruthiga, P. V., Karutha, P. S., & Pandima, D. K. (2014). Silymarin prevents the toxicity induced by benzo(a)pyrene in human erythrocytes by preserving its membrane integrity: an in vitro study. Environmental Toxicology, 29(2), 165-75.

Vijayapadma, V., Ramyaa, P., Pavithra, D., & Krishnasamy, R. (2014). Protective effect of lutein against benzo(a)pyrene-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. Toxicology & Industrial Health, 30(3), 284-93.

Zhao, L., Zhang, S., An, X., Tan, W., Pang, D., & Ouyang, H. (2015). Toxicological effects of benzo[a]pyrene on dna methylation of whole genome in icr mice. Cellular & Molecular Biology, 61(5), 115-119.

Santacroce, M. P., Pastore, A. S., Tinelli, A., Colamonaco, M., & Crescenzo, G. (2015). Implications for chronic toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene in sea bream cultured hepatocytes: cytotoxicity, inflammation, and cancerogenesis. Environmental Toxicology, 30(9), 1045–1062.

Crowell, S. R., Hansondrury, S., Williams, D. E., & Corley, R. A. (2014). In vitro metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[def,p]chrysene in rodent and human hepatic microsomes. Toxicology Letters, 228(1), 48–55.

Bo, J., Gopalakrishnan, S., Chen, F. Y., & Wang, K. J. (2014). Benzo[a]pyrene modulates the biotransformation, dna damage and cortisol level of red sea bream challenged with lipopolysaccharide. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 85(2), 463-70.

Tung, E. W., Philbrook, N. A., Belanger, C. L., Ansari, S., & Winn, L. M. (2014). Benzo[a]pyrene increases dna double strand break repair in vitro and in vivo: a possible mechanism for benzo[a]pyrene-induced toxicity. Mutation Research/fundamental & Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 760(3), 64-69.

Collin, A., Hardonnière, K., Chevanne, M., Vuillemin, J., Podechard, N., & Burel, A., et al. (2014). Cooperative interaction of benzo[a]pyrene and ethanol on plasma membrane remodeling is responsible for enhanced oxidative stress and cell death in primary rat hepatocytes. Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 72C, 11-22.

Author biographies is not available.