Issue
Exploration and analysis of the value of tumor-marker joint detection in the pathological type of lung cancer
Corresponding Author(s) : Haixiang Gao
Cellular and Molecular Biology,
Vol. 66 No. 6: Issue 6
Abstract
Lung cancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of cells in lung tissue. If left untreated, cell growth can spread beyond the lungs to a process called metastasis and reach surrounding tissues or other organs. This experiment was set up to discuss and analyze the research value of joint detection of tumor markers including carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in the diagnosis and pathological type of lung cancer. From November 2016 to February 2018, 378 cases of patients with lung cancer treated in our hospital and 200 cases of people with healthy physical examinations were collected. The electrochemical immunoluminescence method was adopted to detect the CEA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE. The detected positive rate and the concentration of CEA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE of lung cancer group were higher than that of the healthy physical examination group. The differences were of statistical significance (P<0.05); the detected positive rate of CEA and CYFRA21-1 and the concentration of CEA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE of squamous carcinoma group were higher than that of the adenocarcinoma group. The differences were of statistical significance (P<0.05). The CEA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE are related to the pathological type of lung cancer and can be regarded as related indicators to diagnose lung cancer.
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- Groome PA, Bolejack V, Crowley JJ, Kennedy C, Krasnik M, Sobin LH, Goldstraw P, International Staging Committee. The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: validation of the proposals for revision of the T, N, and M descriptors and consequent stage groupings in the forthcoming (seventh) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumours. J Thorac Oncol 2007; 2(8):694-705.
- Hoang T, Xu R, Schiller JH, Bonomi P, Johnson DH. Clinical model to predict survival in chemonaive patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer treated with third-generation chemotherapy regimens based on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group data. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23(1):175-83.
- Ford CH, Stokes HJ, Newman CE. Carcinoembryonic antigen and prognosis after radical surgery for lung cancer: immunocytochemical localization and serum levels. Br J Cancer 1981; 44(2):145-53.
- Dent PB, McCulloch PB, Wesley"James O, Maclaren R, Muirhead W, Dunnett CW. Measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Cancer 1978; 42(S3):1484-91.
- Hotta K, Segawa Y, Takigawa N, Kishino D, Saeki H, Nakata M, Mandai K, Eguchi K. Evaluation of the relationship between serum carcinoembryonic antigen level and treatment outcome in surgically resected clinical-stage I patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Anticancer Res 2000; 20(3B):2177-80.
- Rubins JB, Dunitz J, Rubins HB, Maddaus MA, Niewoehner DE. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen as an adjunct to preoperative staging of lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 116(3):412-6.
- Takamochi K, Nagai K, Suzuki K, Yoshida J, Ohde Y, Nishiwaki Y. Clinical predictors of N2 disease in non-small cell lung cancer. Chest 2000; 117(6):1577-82.
- Sawabata N, Maeda H, Yokota S, Takeda SI, Koma M, Tokunaga T, Ito M. Postoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with pathologic stage IA nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: subnormal levels as an indicator of favorable prognosis. Cancer 2004; 101(4):803-9.
- Meyerhardt JA, Mayer RJ. Follow-up strategies after curative resection of colorectal cancer. Semin oncol 2003; (Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 349-360). WB Saunders.
- Molina R, Filella X, Auge JM, Fuentes R, Bover I, Rifa J, Moreno V, Canals E, Vinolas N, Marquez A, Barreiro E. Tumor markers (CEA, CA 125, CYFRA 21-1, SCC and NSE) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer as an aid in histological diagnosis and prognosis. Tumor Biol 2003; 24(4):209-18.
- Medeiros LR, Rosa DD, da Rosa MI, Bozzetti MC. Accuracy of CA 125 in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors: a quantitative systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009; 142(2):99-105.
- Kulpa J, Wójcik E, Radkowski A, Kolodziejski L, Stasik Z. CYFRA 21-1, TPA-M, TPS, SCC-Ag and CEA in patients with squamous cell lung cancer and in chemical industry workers as a reference group. Anticancer Res 2000; 20(6D):5035-40.
- Hatzakis KD, Froudarakis ME, Bouros D, Tzanakis N, Karkavitsas N, Siafakas NM. Prognostic value of serum tumor markers in patients with lung cancer. Respiration 2002; 69(1):25-9.
- Kulpa J, Wojcik E, Reinfuss M, Kołodziejski L. Carcinoembryonic antigen, squamous cell carcinoma antigen, CYFRA 21-1, and neuron-specific enolase in squamous cell lung cancer patients. Clin Chem 2002; 48(11):1931-7.
- Ardizzoni A, Cafferata MA, Tiseo M, Filiberti R, Marroni P, Grossi F, Paganuzzi M. Decline in serum carcinoembryonic antigen and cytokeratin 19 fragment during chemotherapy predicts objective response and survival in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. Cancer 2006; 107(12):2842-9.
- Arrieta O, Saavedra-Perez D, Kuri R, Aviles-Salas A, Martinez L, Mendoza-Posada D, Castillo P, Astorga A, Guzman E, De la Garza J. Brain metastasis development and poor survival associated with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective analysis. BMC Cancer 2009; 9(1):119.
- ZaÅ‚ć™ska M, Szturmowicz M, Zych J, Roszkowska-Åšliż B, Demkow U, Langfort R, Roszkowski-Åšliż K. Elevated serum NSE level in locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC predispose to better response to chemotherapy but worse survival. Adv Respir Med 2010; 78(1):14-20.
- Reinmuth N, Brandt B, Semik M, Kunze WP, Achatzy R, Scheld HH, Broermann P, Berdel WE, Macha HN, Thomas M. Prognostic impact of Cyfra21-1 and other serum markers in completely resected non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2002; 36(3):265-70.
- Pujol JL, Boher JM, Grenier J, Quantin X. Cyfra 21-1, neuron specific enolase and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer: prospective study in 621 patients. Lung Cancer 2001; 31(2-3):221-31.
- Pujol JL, Molinier O, Ebert W, Daures JP, Barlesi F, Buccheri G, Paesmans M, Quoix E, Moro-Sibilot D, Szturmowicz M, Brechot JM. CYFRA 21-1 is a prognostic determinant in non-small-cell lung cancer: results of a meta-analysis in 2063 patients. Br J Cancer 2004; 90(11):2097-105.
- Ando S, Kimura H, Iwai N, Yamamoto N, Iida T. Positive reactions for both Cyfra21-1 and CA125 indicate worst prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Anticancer Res 2003; 23(3C):2869-74.
- Okada M, Nishio W, Sakamoto T, Uchino K, Yuki T, Nakagawa A, Tsubota N. Effect of histologic type and smoking status on interpretation of serum carcinoembryonic antigen value in non–small cell lung carcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2004; 78(3):1004-9.
- Barlési F, Gimenez C, Torre JP, Doddoli C, Mancini J, Greillier L, Roux F, Kleisbauer JP. Prognostic value of combination of Cyfra 21-1, CEA and NSE in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Med 2004; 98(4):357-62.
- Vollmer RT, Govindan R, Graziano SL, Gamble G, Garst J, Kelley MJ, Christenson RH. Serum CYFRA 21-1 in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer: an early measure of response. Clin Cancer Res 2003; 9(5):1728-33.
- Hamzaoui A, Thomas P, Castelnau O, Roux N, Roux F, Kleisbauer JP. Usefulness of longitudinal evaluation of Cyfra 21-1 variations in advanced lung cancer monitoring. Lung Cancer 1997; 16(2-3):191-202.
- Avand A, Akbari V, Shafizadegan S. In vitro cytotoxic activity of a lactococcus lactis antimicrobial peptide against breast cancer cells. Iran J Biotechnol. 2018; 16(3): e1867.
- Kazemi E, Kahrizi D. The repeatability of PCR-RFLP method for study of association between gastric cancer and manganese superoxide dismutase mutant (Val-9Ala). Biharean Biol 2017; 11(2), 112-114.
- Bahadori M, Baharara J, Amini E. Anticancer properties of chrysin on colon cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo with modulation of Caspase-3, -9, Bax and Sall4. Iran J Biotechnol. 2016; 14(3): 177-184.
- Behfarjam F, Rostamzadeh J, Zarei MA, Nikkhoo B. association of two polymorphic codons in p53 and abcc1 promoter with prostate cancer. Iran J Biotechnol. 2015; 13(1): 49-54.
- Falahatgar D, Farajnia S, Zarghami N, Tanomand A, Khosroshahi SA, Akbari B, Farajnia H. Expression and evaluation of huscfv antibody -pe40 immunotoxin for target therapy of egfr-overexpressing cancers. Iran J Biotechnol. 2018; 16(4): e1743.
- Kazemi E, Kahrizi D. Lack of association between gastric cancer and hopq alleles in Helicobacter pylori. Genetika 2016; 48(3): 893-902
- Jamalzadeh L, Ghafoori H, Aghamaali M, Sariri R. Induction of Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells by a Semi-Synthetic Derivative of Artemisinin: A Caspase-Related Mechanism. Iran J Biotechnol. 2017; 15(3): 157-165.
- Rashidi SK, Mousavi Gargari SL, Ebrahimizadeh W. Targeting colorectal cancer cell lines using nanobodies; agsk1as a potential target. Iran J Biotechnol. 2017; 15(2): 78-86.
- Kazemi E, Kahrizi D, Moradi MT, Sohrabi M, Yari K. Gastric Cancer and Helicobacter pylori: Impact of hopQII Gene. Cell Mol Biol 2016; 62(2): 107-110.
- Saif R, Awan AR, Tayyab M, Ellahi Babar M, Khalid Mahmood A, Khalid Mahmood A, Ullah Z, Zia S, Wasim M. Expression profiling of hspb1 and tp53 genes through rt-qpcr in different cancer types of canis familiaris. Iran J Biotechnol. 2017; 15(3): 186-193.
- Kazemi E, Kahrizi D, Moradi MT, Sohrabi M, Amini A, Mousavi SAR, Yari K. Association between Helicobacter pylori hopQI genotyping and human gastric cancer. Cell Mol Biol 2016; 62(1): 6-9.
- Yazdi MH, Mahdavi M, Faghfuri E, Faramarzi MA, Sepehrizadeh Z, Hassan ZM, Gholami M, Shahverdi AR. Th1 immune response induction by biogenic selenium nanoparticles in mice with breast cancer: preliminary vaccine model. Iran J Biotechnol. 2015; 13(2): 1-9.
- Bordbar M, Darvishzadeh R, Pazhouhandeh M, Kahrizi D. An overview of genome editing methods based on endonucleases. Mod Genet J 2020; 15(2): 75-92.
- Kazemi E, Kahrizi D, Moradi MT, Sorabi, M, Amini S, Mousavi S.A.R., Yari K. Association between Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD Val-9Ala) genotypes with the risk of generalized aggressive periodontitis disease. Cell Mol Biol 2016; 61 (8): 49-52.
- Gill G, Beard C, Storey K, Taylor S, Sexton A. "It wasn't just for me”: Motivations and implications of genetic testing for women at a low risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. Psycho"Oncology. 2020 Jun 4.
References
Groome PA, Bolejack V, Crowley JJ, Kennedy C, Krasnik M, Sobin LH, Goldstraw P, International Staging Committee. The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: validation of the proposals for revision of the T, N, and M descriptors and consequent stage groupings in the forthcoming (seventh) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumours. J Thorac Oncol 2007; 2(8):694-705.
Hoang T, Xu R, Schiller JH, Bonomi P, Johnson DH. Clinical model to predict survival in chemonaive patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer treated with third-generation chemotherapy regimens based on Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group data. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23(1):175-83.
Ford CH, Stokes HJ, Newman CE. Carcinoembryonic antigen and prognosis after radical surgery for lung cancer: immunocytochemical localization and serum levels. Br J Cancer 1981; 44(2):145-53.
Dent PB, McCulloch PB, Wesley"James O, Maclaren R, Muirhead W, Dunnett CW. Measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma. Cancer 1978; 42(S3):1484-91.
Hotta K, Segawa Y, Takigawa N, Kishino D, Saeki H, Nakata M, Mandai K, Eguchi K. Evaluation of the relationship between serum carcinoembryonic antigen level and treatment outcome in surgically resected clinical-stage I patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. Anticancer Res 2000; 20(3B):2177-80.
Rubins JB, Dunitz J, Rubins HB, Maddaus MA, Niewoehner DE. Serum carcinoembryonic antigen as an adjunct to preoperative staging of lung cancer. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1998; 116(3):412-6.
Takamochi K, Nagai K, Suzuki K, Yoshida J, Ohde Y, Nishiwaki Y. Clinical predictors of N2 disease in non-small cell lung cancer. Chest 2000; 117(6):1577-82.
Sawabata N, Maeda H, Yokota S, Takeda SI, Koma M, Tokunaga T, Ito M. Postoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with pathologic stage IA nonsmall cell lung carcinoma: subnormal levels as an indicator of favorable prognosis. Cancer 2004; 101(4):803-9.
Meyerhardt JA, Mayer RJ. Follow-up strategies after curative resection of colorectal cancer. Semin oncol 2003; (Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 349-360). WB Saunders.
Molina R, Filella X, Auge JM, Fuentes R, Bover I, Rifa J, Moreno V, Canals E, Vinolas N, Marquez A, Barreiro E. Tumor markers (CEA, CA 125, CYFRA 21-1, SCC and NSE) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer as an aid in histological diagnosis and prognosis. Tumor Biol 2003; 24(4):209-18.
Medeiros LR, Rosa DD, da Rosa MI, Bozzetti MC. Accuracy of CA 125 in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors: a quantitative systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009; 142(2):99-105.
Kulpa J, Wójcik E, Radkowski A, Kolodziejski L, Stasik Z. CYFRA 21-1, TPA-M, TPS, SCC-Ag and CEA in patients with squamous cell lung cancer and in chemical industry workers as a reference group. Anticancer Res 2000; 20(6D):5035-40.
Hatzakis KD, Froudarakis ME, Bouros D, Tzanakis N, Karkavitsas N, Siafakas NM. Prognostic value of serum tumor markers in patients with lung cancer. Respiration 2002; 69(1):25-9.
Kulpa J, Wojcik E, Reinfuss M, Kołodziejski L. Carcinoembryonic antigen, squamous cell carcinoma antigen, CYFRA 21-1, and neuron-specific enolase in squamous cell lung cancer patients. Clin Chem 2002; 48(11):1931-7.
Ardizzoni A, Cafferata MA, Tiseo M, Filiberti R, Marroni P, Grossi F, Paganuzzi M. Decline in serum carcinoembryonic antigen and cytokeratin 19 fragment during chemotherapy predicts objective response and survival in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. Cancer 2006; 107(12):2842-9.
Arrieta O, Saavedra-Perez D, Kuri R, Aviles-Salas A, Martinez L, Mendoza-Posada D, Castillo P, Astorga A, Guzman E, De la Garza J. Brain metastasis development and poor survival associated with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective analysis. BMC Cancer 2009; 9(1):119.
ZaÅ‚ć™ska M, Szturmowicz M, Zych J, Roszkowska-Åšliż B, Demkow U, Langfort R, Roszkowski-Åšliż K. Elevated serum NSE level in locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC predispose to better response to chemotherapy but worse survival. Adv Respir Med 2010; 78(1):14-20.
Reinmuth N, Brandt B, Semik M, Kunze WP, Achatzy R, Scheld HH, Broermann P, Berdel WE, Macha HN, Thomas M. Prognostic impact of Cyfra21-1 and other serum markers in completely resected non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2002; 36(3):265-70.
Pujol JL, Boher JM, Grenier J, Quantin X. Cyfra 21-1, neuron specific enolase and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer: prospective study in 621 patients. Lung Cancer 2001; 31(2-3):221-31.
Pujol JL, Molinier O, Ebert W, Daures JP, Barlesi F, Buccheri G, Paesmans M, Quoix E, Moro-Sibilot D, Szturmowicz M, Brechot JM. CYFRA 21-1 is a prognostic determinant in non-small-cell lung cancer: results of a meta-analysis in 2063 patients. Br J Cancer 2004; 90(11):2097-105.
Ando S, Kimura H, Iwai N, Yamamoto N, Iida T. Positive reactions for both Cyfra21-1 and CA125 indicate worst prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Anticancer Res 2003; 23(3C):2869-74.
Okada M, Nishio W, Sakamoto T, Uchino K, Yuki T, Nakagawa A, Tsubota N. Effect of histologic type and smoking status on interpretation of serum carcinoembryonic antigen value in non–small cell lung carcinoma. Ann Thorac Surg 2004; 78(3):1004-9.
Barlési F, Gimenez C, Torre JP, Doddoli C, Mancini J, Greillier L, Roux F, Kleisbauer JP. Prognostic value of combination of Cyfra 21-1, CEA and NSE in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Med 2004; 98(4):357-62.
Vollmer RT, Govindan R, Graziano SL, Gamble G, Garst J, Kelley MJ, Christenson RH. Serum CYFRA 21-1 in advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer: an early measure of response. Clin Cancer Res 2003; 9(5):1728-33.
Hamzaoui A, Thomas P, Castelnau O, Roux N, Roux F, Kleisbauer JP. Usefulness of longitudinal evaluation of Cyfra 21-1 variations in advanced lung cancer monitoring. Lung Cancer 1997; 16(2-3):191-202.
Avand A, Akbari V, Shafizadegan S. In vitro cytotoxic activity of a lactococcus lactis antimicrobial peptide against breast cancer cells. Iran J Biotechnol. 2018; 16(3): e1867.
Kazemi E, Kahrizi D. The repeatability of PCR-RFLP method for study of association between gastric cancer and manganese superoxide dismutase mutant (Val-9Ala). Biharean Biol 2017; 11(2), 112-114.
Bahadori M, Baharara J, Amini E. Anticancer properties of chrysin on colon cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo with modulation of Caspase-3, -9, Bax and Sall4. Iran J Biotechnol. 2016; 14(3): 177-184.
Behfarjam F, Rostamzadeh J, Zarei MA, Nikkhoo B. association of two polymorphic codons in p53 and abcc1 promoter with prostate cancer. Iran J Biotechnol. 2015; 13(1): 49-54.
Falahatgar D, Farajnia S, Zarghami N, Tanomand A, Khosroshahi SA, Akbari B, Farajnia H. Expression and evaluation of huscfv antibody -pe40 immunotoxin for target therapy of egfr-overexpressing cancers. Iran J Biotechnol. 2018; 16(4): e1743.
Kazemi E, Kahrizi D. Lack of association between gastric cancer and hopq alleles in Helicobacter pylori. Genetika 2016; 48(3): 893-902
Jamalzadeh L, Ghafoori H, Aghamaali M, Sariri R. Induction of Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells by a Semi-Synthetic Derivative of Artemisinin: A Caspase-Related Mechanism. Iran J Biotechnol. 2017; 15(3): 157-165.
Rashidi SK, Mousavi Gargari SL, Ebrahimizadeh W. Targeting colorectal cancer cell lines using nanobodies; agsk1as a potential target. Iran J Biotechnol. 2017; 15(2): 78-86.
Kazemi E, Kahrizi D, Moradi MT, Sohrabi M, Yari K. Gastric Cancer and Helicobacter pylori: Impact of hopQII Gene. Cell Mol Biol 2016; 62(2): 107-110.
Saif R, Awan AR, Tayyab M, Ellahi Babar M, Khalid Mahmood A, Khalid Mahmood A, Ullah Z, Zia S, Wasim M. Expression profiling of hspb1 and tp53 genes through rt-qpcr in different cancer types of canis familiaris. Iran J Biotechnol. 2017; 15(3): 186-193.
Kazemi E, Kahrizi D, Moradi MT, Sohrabi M, Amini A, Mousavi SAR, Yari K. Association between Helicobacter pylori hopQI genotyping and human gastric cancer. Cell Mol Biol 2016; 62(1): 6-9.
Yazdi MH, Mahdavi M, Faghfuri E, Faramarzi MA, Sepehrizadeh Z, Hassan ZM, Gholami M, Shahverdi AR. Th1 immune response induction by biogenic selenium nanoparticles in mice with breast cancer: preliminary vaccine model. Iran J Biotechnol. 2015; 13(2): 1-9.
Bordbar M, Darvishzadeh R, Pazhouhandeh M, Kahrizi D. An overview of genome editing methods based on endonucleases. Mod Genet J 2020; 15(2): 75-92.
Kazemi E, Kahrizi D, Moradi MT, Sorabi, M, Amini S, Mousavi S.A.R., Yari K. Association between Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD Val-9Ala) genotypes with the risk of generalized aggressive periodontitis disease. Cell Mol Biol 2016; 61 (8): 49-52.
Gill G, Beard C, Storey K, Taylor S, Sexton A. "It wasn't just for me”: Motivations and implications of genetic testing for women at a low risk of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. Psycho"Oncology. 2020 Jun 4.